PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.